Which type of Visa do you need to attend University in the US?

It depends how long do you plan on studying there. If it’s for a short amount of time then the perfect Visa for you is a B Visa or an M Visa if it is a recognized nonacademic institution. If you plan on finishing your Bachelor/Master/PhD degree there, then the right Visa would be the F1 one which you must obtain before leaving your home country.